TY  - BOOK
AU  - Kuotsu, Kevizhalhou 
AU  - Munda, G.C.
TI  - Influence of land configuration and residue management on productivity of rainfed groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) - Toria (Brassica campestris var. Toria) cropping system
U1  - 633.36881 
PY  - 2011///
CY  - Umiam
PB  - CPGS, CAU
KW  - Groundnut
KW  - Cultivation methods
N2  - Soil erosion, erratic rainfall and moisture stress are the major problems for crop production and sustainable land management in hilly regions. This experiment was conducted to study the influence of land configuration and residue management on productivity of rainfed groundnut (Arachis hypagaea L.) - taria (Brassica campestris var. taria) cropping  system on a hilly terrain at an altitude of 950 m from mean sea level during the year 2010-2011. The experiment was carried out on a terraced land in randomized block design with seven treatments replicated thrice. The treatments were: (i) flat  bed, no residue; (ii) broad beds and furrows (BBF) with residue incorporation; (iii) BBF with residue + hedge leaves (Tephrasia sp) incorporation; (iv) BBF with residue + hedge leaves (no tillage, NT); (v) raised bed (RB) with residue incorporation; (vi) RB with residue + hedge leaves incorporation; (vii) RB with residue + hedge leaves (NT). Periodical observations were taken for various parameters. Soil profile moisture was found to be higher in the plots where residues were present under altered land configuration and they retained higher moisture even during post monsoon as compared to the farmer's practice. Soil organic carbon, pH and bulk density were not affected significantly by the treatments.  Infiltration rate and hydraulic conductivity was highest under RB with residue + hedge leaves (NT). Soil microbial biomass carbon and dehydrogenase activity recorded a maximum of 276 �g/g soil and 48.9 �g TPF/g soiV24hr in RB with residue + hedge leaves incorporation and RB with residue incorporation respectively. Weed infestation was higher in the NT  treatments. Yield in terms of groundnut equivalent yield was highest in RB with residue + hedge leaves (No tillage) (2,988 kg/ha) followed by RB with residue incorporation (2,953 kg/ha) while the minimum was in BBF with residue + hedge leaves (No tillage) (2,163 kg/ha). A similar trend was also observed in the production efficiency. Water use efficiency in the case of taria was found maximum in RB with residue + hedge leaves incorporation (4.64 kg/ha-mm) and the minimum in farmer's practice (1.49 kg/ha-mm). Over all, RB with residue + hedge leaves (NT) showed the highest B:C ratio of 1.67 followed by BBF with residue + hedge leaves (NT) with 1.45 while the minimum was in RB with residue + hedge leaves incorporation with  1.28. The effect of land configuration and residue management on crop productivity was not found to be significantly  affected during monsoon. However the effect was profound during post-monsoon with the conservation treatments giving better results than the farmer's practice where no residues were incorporated or retained. Treatments under raised beds were however found to be more profitable and sustainable as compared to the other treatments
ER  -