TY  - BOOK
AU  - Majumder, Sutanu
AU  - Patra, Sandip
TI  - Studies on insect pests complex of sesame and their management in Meghalaya
PY  - 2023///
CY  - Umiam
PB  - CPGSAS, CAU
KW  - Sesame
KW  - Insect pests
KW  - Sesame production
KW  - Insect pest
KW  - Management
KW  - Sesamum indicum L
N1  - Includes bibliographical references
N2  - Sesame, Sesamum indicum L. is the oldest oilseed crop of world cultivated throughout India and belongs to family Pedaliaceae. One of the major constraints in sesame production is the immense damage by insect pests leading to deterioration of both quality and quantity. Several insect pests of different groups are associated with this crop and causing damage from germination to maturity. Data on insect pests and their seasonality on sesame as well as effective management practices are very scanty under Meghalaya condition. Therefore, the present experiments were conducted to study the insect pest complex, seasonality and management of major insect pests in sesame. Field experiment was carried out at Entomology Research Farm, ICAR RC for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya during kharif season of 2022.The experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Sesame (Var: Nagaland Local) was sown in 12 m2 areas with 45 cm x 15 cm spacing. Regular surveys were carried out at weekly interval to record and identify the insect at various stages (seedling to maturity) in sesame crop. Data collected at weekly intervals on leaf webber and mirid bug from randomly selected 5 tagged plants from each plot. Eight treatments viz. neem oil 0.03% (3ml/l), Beauveria bassiana (3ml/l), Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) var kurustaki (2ml/l), spinosad 45% SC (0.5ml/l), Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) var kurustaki + Saccharopolyspora spinosa 15% (2 ml/l), emamectin benzoate 5% SG (0.4ml/l), imidacloprid 17.8SL (0.3ml/l) and control (water) were applied at 45, 60 and 75 days after sowing. Observation on mirid bug, leaf webber and capsule borer larvae and shoot infestation were recorded one day before spray and 1, 7 and 14 days after each spray. Necessary statistical analyses were done for population dynamic and bioefficacy study. Results of present experiments revealed that total 19 insect species and 4 non insect species (predatory spiders) were recorded from sesame crop. Among them 13 were recorded as pests, 3 were predatory bugs,1 was coccinellid beetle and 2 were pollinators. Among these, sesame leaf webber (Antigustra catalaunalis Dup.) and mirid bug (Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter) were major pests on sesame under Meghalaya condition. Mirid bug reached its peak population with 38.60 bugs/plant on 40th SMW whereas sesame leaf webber and capsule borer reached its peak on 37th SMW with 10.67larvae/5 plants. Peak shoot infestation was observed on 37th SMW with 13.88% shoot damage. In case of mirid bug, nonsignificant negative correlation was found with temperature and nonsignificant positive correlation was with relative humidity and rainfall whereas temperature, relative humidity (except minimum RH) and rainfall showed nonsignificant positive correlation with sesame leaf webber and capsule borer and shoot infestation. The pooled data showed that minimum population of mirid bug was recorded in imidacloprid 17.8 SL @0.3 ml/l (5.47 mirid bugs/plant) with 78.06% reduction over control which was significantly different from the other treatments. This was followed by spinosad 45 SC @0.5 ml/l (11.33 mirid bugs/plant), emamectin benzoate 5SG @0.4 g/l (12.58 mirid bugs/plant) with 54.50 and 49.51% reduction over control (24.91 mirid bugs/plant). Among the treatments, emamectin benzoate 5SG @0.4 g/l recorded the lowest larval population of leaf webber and the highest reduction over control (1.72 larvae/5 plants and 72.32%, respectively) followed by spinosad 45 SC @0.5 ml/l (2.11 larvae/5 plants and 66.07% reduction), spinosad + Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) @2.0 ml/l (2.44 larvae/5 plants and 60.71% reduction), Bt @2.0 ml/l (3.06 larvae/ 5 plants and 58.9% reduction). Similar results were observed in case of shoot infestation and pod damage of sesame. The highest yield (7.22 q/ha) was obtained from emamectin benzoate treated plot while the lowest yield was in control plot (5.28 q/ha). The present study concludes that sesame leaf webber and mirid bug were considered as major pests on sesame under Meghalaya condition. Minimum relative humidity had significant positive influence on population of leaf webber and capsule borer in sesame. Among the treatments, emamectin benzoate, spinosad and Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and combination of spinosad and Bt were found effective treatments against leaf webber and capsule borer whereas imidacloprid was most effective against mirid bug in sesame
ER  -