000			04954nam a22002297a 4500
003			OSt
005			20250306145656.0
008			250306b ||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
040			_cCPGS
100			_aDas, Pritam _910307
245			_aDiversity of Fusarium spp. in tea ecosystem of North East India and its integrated management with homeopathic medicines and biocontrol agents / _cPritam Das.
260			_aUmiam : _bCPGSAS(CAU, Imphal) , _cSeptember 2024.
300			_a125p.
440			_a[Plant Pathology, School of Crop Protection] _99105
504			_aIncludes bibliographical references.
520			_aTea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) is one of the second most consumed beverage in the world. India is the second largest producer of tea and one of the world’s largest consumer of tea. Due to the perennial nature of the crop, it provides favourable micro and macroclimate for thriving of different insect pests and fungal diseases, which together cause enormous crop loss in terms of quantity and quality. The dieback disease caused by Fusarium solani is considered as one of the most economically important foliar diseases of this crop and responsible for crop losses up to 40-50 per cent. Combined application of homeopathic medicines and the biocontrol agents together can be applied in managing dieback disease in tea caused by Fusarium solani. In the present study, survey and collection of diseases samples were done at the three North Eastern states of India viz., Meghalaya, Assam and Arunachal Pradesh. Total 10 Fusarium spp. were isolated and coded as NMFst1, NMFst2, NMFst3, NMFst4, UMFst1, UMFst2, UMFst3. PAFst, SDFst and CDFst. The isolates were characterized based on cultural and morphological basis and identified as Fusarium solani (comparing with key guideline of C. Booth,1971). For in vitro assay, six (6) biocontrol agents (Trichoderma reesei, T. harzianum, Aspergillus niger, Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium robertsii, and Bacillus subtilis) were tested and T. reesei was found to be most effective in inhibiting the mycelial growth of six (6) isolates of F. solani (NMFst1: 59.5%, NMFst3: 65.5%, UMFst1: 68.7%, UMFst2: 62.5%, SDFst: 80.2% and CDFst: 74.1%). Among the selected homeopathic medicines (Thuja occidentalis, Belladonna, Arnica montana, Carica Sulphur, Acidum nitricum, and Arsenicum album) were tested at 50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml and 500 μg/ml. At 500 μg/ml, all the homeopathic medicines showed 100% mycelial growth inhibition against all the F. solani isolates. At 100 μg/ml concentration, among the six (6) selected homeopathic medicines, Arsenicum album and Acidum nitricum were found to be most effective against the maximum numbers of F. solani isolates. The compatibility among the biocontrol agents with the selected homeopathic medicines at 100 μg/ml, both T. reesei and T. harzianum were found to be extremely compatible (0.0% mycelial growth inhibition) and M. robertsii was found to be highly compatible (10.4% or 17.1% mycelial growth inhibitions). Under field experimentation (300 m2), combined foliar application of Arsenicum album and Acidum nitricum (100 μg/ml) along with UmTricho (10 ml/L) for thrice at Saslapara new Tea Garden (SPNTG), Dhubri and Maa Phulaswari Mini Tea Garden (MPMTG), Dhubri per cent disease incidence (PDI) was found to significantly reduced after the 3rd spray in both the gardens. The plant growth parameters such as internode length, specific leaf weight (SLW), moisture per cent were also recorded and found positive result in treated plots of both the gardens. The treatment combinations significantly increased the yield of tea at SPNTG (2175.0 kg/ha) and MPMTG (2325 kg/ha). The biochemical properties of tea after the 3rd application of treatments was found to change in the concentration of TSS, Phenol and Flavonoids. At SPNTG, TSS was recorded 89.52 ppm and at MPMTG as 93.58 ppm. On the other hand, 85.56 ppm and 491.4 ppm of Flavonoid content was recorded at SNTG and at MPMTG respectively. On the other hand, Phenol content was recorded as 177.4 ppm and 176.6 ppm for SPNTG and MPMTG respectively. The treatment combinations result in decreasing the pH of soil in both the gardens (4.18 and 4.23) respectively. The Electrical conductivity (EC) was recorded 0.10 ds/m and 0.22 ds/m respectively. The soil organic carbon per cent significantly increased in both the experimental plot with 1.23% (high) and 1.56% (very high) respectively. The treatment combinations showed a positive result in increasing the soil microbial population in both the experimental gardens with bacterial population (8.48 cfu/ml and 8.51 cfu/ml) and fungal population (4.99 cfu/ml and 4.82 cfu/ml) respectively.
650			_aBiocontrol agents _910308
650			_aHomeopathic medicines and Biocontrol agents. _910309
700			_aDutta, Pranab _eMajor Advisor. _95806
856			_uhttps://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810220891 _yOnline.
942			_2ddc _cTH
999			_c5712 _d5712